Collection of ways to manipulate lines based off regex. All of these functions/tips were compiled from the links in Source.

1. Copy matching lines

(defun copy-lines-matching-re (re)
  "find all lines matching the regexp RE in the current buffer
putting the matching lines in a buffer named *matching*"
  (interactive "sRegexp to match: ")
  (let ((result-buffer (get-buffer-create "*matching*")))
    (with-current-buffer result-buffer 
      (erase-buffer))
    (save-match-data 
      (save-excursion
        (goto-char (point-min))
        (while (re-search-forward re nil t)
          (princ (buffer-substring-no-properties (line-beginning-position) 
                                                 (line-beginning-position 2))
                 result-buffer))))
    (pop-to-buffer result-buffer)))

2. Count matching lines

(count-matches regexp)

3. Delete matching lines

(delete-matching-lines regexp)
(delete-non-matching-lines regexp) ;; same as (keep-lines regexp)
(keep-lines regexp)
(delete-duplicate-lines regexp)

4. Sort lines

(sort-lines)
(reverse-region)

;; separaters are spaces or tabs
(sort-numeric-fields)
(sort-fields)